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Japan's recently chosen prime minister, Sanae Takaichi, is ready to face her first major diplomatic examination as she sits down with ex-President Donald Trump for important talks in the Japanese capital.

The focus of their summit is expected to revolve around trade and security issues, marking a key juncture for Japan's relationship with its influential ally.

A Historic Leadership and Global Introduction

The new PM, who recently became Japan's first female prime minister after winning the leadership of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party, had her international introduction at the latest Asean meeting.

But, her forthcoming talks with Trump is considered the real test that will set the tone for coming bilateral cooperation.

Navigating Domestic and Global Challenges

Takaichi deals with a possibly shaky government landscape, having formed a coalition that leaves her two seats short of a controlling number in the influential chamber of the Diet.

This means, her administration will depend on opposition lawmakers to approve laws, adding a layer of complexity to her leadership.

Common Perspectives and Diverging Policies

She shares Trump's suspicion of Chinese military activities in the Asia-Pacific, but both countries have faced challenges from his "America-first" trade policies.

Recently, Trump oversaw a truce agreement between Thailand and Cambodia forces on the first stage of his Asia visit.

Defense Build-up and Budget Pledges

Takaichi has expressed her determination to accelerate Japan's military build-up, planning to increase defense spending to two percent of gross domestic product by the close of the fiscal year.

This move aligns with a long-held demand from Trump and signifies the biggest military buildup for the nation since the Second World War.

Security Partnership and Strains

The country has also taken steps to acquire "retaliatory" abilities, including Tomahawk weapons from the US, and intends to deploy locally made extended-range missiles.

However, the bilateral security treaty is still a source of tension, with the former president previously suggesting that the nation should pay more for hosting American forces on its territory.

Trade Outlook and Talks

Few anticipate significant agreements on economic issues this week, particularly after latest duty changes provided some relief to the country's economy.

Takaichi is likely to seek further relief by promising greater acquisitions of American goods, including vehicles, agricultural produce, and gas.

Personal Rapport and the Shinzo Abe Link

The importance the former president attributes to individual chemistry could benefit Takaichi's favor, given her close relationship with the late ex-leader Shinzo Abe, who was one of Trump's preferred world leaders.

Abe was the first foreign leader to visit Trump after his victory, and the pair built a close relationship over mutual interests such as the sport.

Upcoming Schedule and International Implications

The former president's visit to the country will start with a meeting with Emperor Naruhito at the Imperial Palace in Tokyo.

It will be succeeded by discussions with the PM at the state guest house, the very venue where he met with Abe in previous years.

Afterward, the former president will proceed to South Korea for the APEC summit, where he is set to meet Chinese leader Xi Jinping.